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Freemark Case Essay Harvesting Riesling grapes immediately , or leave them on the vines despite the approaching storm the place of the vineyard. Light rain and storms are detrimental to the crop of grapes, as these cause or may develop Botrytis cinerea , a fungus that causes damage in the skins of grapes . The Freemark winery wine produced only first best grape varieties bottled 25,000 cases of wine each year as Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay . The Grapes of Freemark Abbey came from an ideal environment in the central and southern California -Napa valley . The type of wooden barrel used for storing wine influences the style of wine produced. The winemaker is to harvest the grapes when they have achieved the right balance of sugar and acidity to the wine style order. But maturity is a variable process , however , and if the weather is not appropriate, the right balance could never exist . If the grapes are harvested at 20 % sugar, the wine is fermented Dry ( all the sugar alcohol is exchanged for carbon dioxide ) or almost dry . If the grapes are harvested at 25 % sugar, the winemaker can produce a wine with the same alcohol (10 % ) but with 5 % residual sugar , this wine is sweet and relatively intense . Freemark Abbey had already produced a crop of botrytis Riesling in 1973. Jaeger concluded that there was a 50% chance that rain would hit the Napa Valley. Because the storm had originated on the warm waters of Mexico , and thought there was a 40% chance that if the storm hit , would result in the development of botrytis mold . Freemark Abbey had the option to sell the wine in large quantities, or could sell grapes directly . These alternatives would bring only a means of income, but avoid the damaging reputation of the winery, which would be risky engrossed an inferior product. If Jaeger decided not to harvest the grapes immediately in anticipation of the storm , and the storm did not hit the crop , Jaeger leave the grapes to ripen fully and probably , hopefully, sugar grapes reach 25 %, resulting in a wine that is sold about $ 3. 50 wholesaler. With less appropriate climate , the level of sugar would exceed 20 % producing a lighter wine probably sell about $ 3. The same process that resulted in increasing sugar concentration also caused a 30% reduction in overall juice . The highest price was therefore offset by a reduction in part on the amount . Expenses for the winery were about the same for each of the possible styles of wine and were small compared to the wholesale price . Evaluate the facts : Light rain and storms are detrimental to the crop of grapes, as these cause or may develop Botrytis cinerea , a fungus that causes damage in the skins of grapes . The winemaker is to harvest the grapes when they have achieved the right balance of sugar and acidity to the wine style order. But maturity is a variable process , however , and if the weather is not appropriate, the right balance could never exist . If Jaeger decided not to harvest the grapes immediately in anticipation of the storm , and the storm did not hit the crop , Jaeger leave the grapes to ripen fully and probably , hopefully, sugar grapes reach 25 %, resulting in a wine that is sold about $ 3. 50 wholesaler. Define the problem : Should riesling grapes harvested immediately or leave them on the vines despite the storm that is approaching -Napa Valley ? Establish alternative solutions : A possible solution would be to hire a provider or a scientist , to help provide a pesticide. A class of microorganisms which may inhibit the fungus concentration of grapes, but this would generate overruns while better production and lower losses . One possible solution would be to harvest the grapes immediately and directly , avoiding possible contamination but a possible change in the fermentation and maturation of these . Choose the most appropriate alternative solution A class of microorganisms which may inhibit the fungus concentration of grapes, but this would generate overruns while better production and lower losses . Prepare an action plan It would have to execute a plan of action by companies and providers that help Freemark grape production using microorganisms that help break down and improve the quality of the grapes. It would be an amicable solution with the environment , and help to prevent accidents of rain and being productive .

Gravity-Centrifugal-Power-Motor :: essays research papers

SCM-Variation Gravity-Centrifugal-Power-Motor Objectives At chapter Swing-Circuit-Motor (SCM) above, a design was worked out corresponding to build-up of a loop-swing. There, two axis were demanded (system- and excenter-axis) and two  ´wheels ´ did turn within each other. So this will be a rather difficult technical construction. By this chapter now shall be examined, how effect of building-up mechancal oscillations could be realized easier. So only one axis should be neccessary, nevertheless masses should move like at uneven  ´movement of pendulum ´, above this phase shifting by intermediate storage of forces must be guaranteed. Pendulum with radial suspension At previous chapter Mechanical Oscillating Circuit Harald Chmela did mention example of a pendulum with radially working spring, like schematically shown once more at picture EV SKM 31 upside. Around system axis (SA) a pendulum, here called rotor arm (RT, German Rotortrà ¤ger), can swing. At the rotor arm effective mass (MP) can glide inside and outside. That radial movements are limited resp. controlled by a spring element (FE, German Federelement). Potential energy of level is transformed into kinetic energy at downward-phase, opposite energy of movement is re-transformed into energy of high level at upward-phase. In addition, power is stored into spring intermediately, so some later power is restored into pendulums oscillation. Mass will move at an U-shaped track. Mass will show maximum speed at its lowest point of track (A) and there will press down spring at its maximum. Following relaxation of spring will show analog relations of forces, based at symmetry, so this mechanical oscillation will be stable (no friction assumed). Effect of building-up oscillations can only be achieved, if symmetry is broken. This could be done e.g. as shown at picture EV SKM 31 downside. Asymmetric track Tension of spring downside should have to be stored for a short time, e.g. any mechanicsm could allow relaxation of spring some later (B). Counter stored energy then would exist less forces (resulting force of gravity power and centrifugal power), showing upward more and more. Power of spring afterward could move mass easier and faster towards upward-inside (C). Angles speed thus will be accelerated and mass will be brought to higher level (D) than starting level. This mechanical oscillating circuit thus will be build-up without input of energy from outside. Progressive suspension By this concept an asymmetric track is achieved. However, this pendulum swinging resp. effect of build-up oscillations is technically usable only if a momentum is achieved at a constant turning shaft.

Characterization in I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings

Characterization is a physical description of a character, the way the character acts and the personality traits of the character. Bailey Johnson Jr. is the older brother of Marguerite Ann Johnson, the protagonist of the novel, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou. In order for Maya to become independent, she needs to separate from Bailey. Their original relationship was holding her back. Bailey is described in the book as a bright, clever and light-spirited person. Maya needs to separate from Bailey because she relies on him to fight her battles. He is also a â€Å"God-like† figure to her, which is an unhealthy obsession. Bailey also keeps Maya from believing in herself because Maya puts too much faith in him. Bailey influences Maya both positively and negatively throughout the novel, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. Bailey influences Maya negatively because she depends on him to defend herself in her battles. Maya says in the book that, â€Å"Bailey was the greatest person in my life. † Bailey is really the only person for Maya in her life and she looks up to him. He is basically the big brother of Maya’s dreams. Bailey gives Maya that confidence and couragement such as getting back at Maya’s family members and friends who tease her about her imperfections. In the text, Maya describes one of his actions when she explains, â€Å"When our elders said unkind things about my features, Bailey would wink at me from across the room, and I knew that it was a matter of time before he would take revenge. † This is one of the key examples of Maya relying on Bailey too much and giving him that faith instead of herself. Since Maya is relying on her older brother to defend her, she could never become a stronger person individually. Maya is not capable of becoming more independent because she is ignorant of her own reliance on Bailey. Bailey is described in the book by Maya as a savior in her eyes, which is an unhealthy obsession for Maya. She believes that he is a â€Å"God-like† figure in her eyes. This is unhealthy for Maya because she puts too much faith into Bailey and not in herself. Maya describes Bailey as a savior when she explains that, â€Å"It made me want to live a Christian life just to show God I was grateful†, meaning that she wants to show God that she was thankful for a brother like Bailey. Not only does Bailey influence Maya to be herself and not to worry about the thoughts of others, but he also influences her to be a religious person and walk the path of rightousness. This is one of the reasons why Maya wants to become a person like Bailey because he gets into trouble and misbehaves but yet he prays aloud in church. In the text, Angelou describes that, â€Å"Bailey could count on very few punishments for his consistently outragous misbehavior†¦. He could even pray aloud in church and was apt at stealing pickles. This quote also explains how Maya seeks to become more like Bailey. She wishes to be more like Bailey because he is a pure soul to her and she is desperate for that purity in her life. As Bailey and Maya both begin to grow up and mature in their own ways, Maya begins to become independent. One of the key challenges that Maya has faced that has made her independent was with Daddy Bailey. Daddy Bailey became very drunk one night while they were in Mexico and Maya had no choice but to drive, even though this was her first time driving, both of them back home. This was the first time that Maya was actually in control without the help of Bailey. This is important towards Maya because she begins to slowly separate from Bailey. This is important towards Maya because she begins to realize that she doesn’t need Bailey as help to her. She begins to realize that she doesn’t need her big brother as a crutch anymore. In order for Maya to become independent, she needs to separate from Bailey. Their original relationship was holding her back. By the end of the book, Maya still looks up to Bailey for advice on her pregnancy and Bailey still has that influence on Maya. As Bailey continues to grow up, he becomes wiser about his life and the choices he makes in them. He continues to be the big brother she has always loved. The evolution of Bailey is important because it shows the contrast of independence and maturity between himself and Maya. The change in characterization of Bailey throughout the book influences Maya because when Maya and Bailey grow apart, Maya becomes more independent.

The Effects Of Concentration Camps On The Holocaust

Sam Gaglias English I Mrs. Novik 14 October 2014 Summer camps are fun, but Concentration Camps aren’t History is like a huge puzzle. People can keep find missing pieces to the story as they learn more about it. The Holocaust was one of those moments in history that has lead our minds to curiosity about why such a thing would occur at some point in time. For example, concentration camps. Concentration camps are one of those moments in history that make people’s jaws drop because of how flabbergasted they are to even hear of such a thing. Once you hear about one fact about the Holocaust and concentration camps you want to know every little detail about it to try and analyze what was happening and how it happened. Concentration camps in the Holocaust were a turning point in history because it lead to the deaths of millions of people. To begin, concentration camps did not originate in World War II. In fact, this idea for a camp was invented by soldiers and generals in other wars that occurred not too many years before T he Holocaust. The first concentration was brought up by general Valeriano Weyler y Nicolau in the Cuban insurrection against Spain in 1896. Concentration camps were also used in the Philippine-American war in the first decade of the 1900’s. The concentration camps in these wars just mentioned were used mainly for labor and penal. However, armies weren’t as big on execution as the Nazi’s were. The Nazi’s bumped up the idea of concentration camps to turn itShow MoreRelatedThe Holocaust and Nazi Germany Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe Holocaust is most well-known for the organized and inhumane extermination of more than six million Jews. The death total of the Jews is this most staggering; however, other groups such as Gypsies, Poles, Russians, political groups, Jehovah’s witnesses, and homosexuals were targeted as well (Holocaust Encyclopedia: Introduction to the Holocaust). The initial idea of persecuting select groups of people began with Ado lf Hitler’s rise to power in Germany. In January 1930, Hitler became the ChancellorRead MoreEssay on The Pain and Horros of The Concentration Camps1456 Words   |  6 Pageswant the concentration camps to become old age prisoners homes, but instruments of terror- Adolf Hitler. From getting to the concentration camps, life in the camp, and to the death process the prisoners of the concentration camps suffered not only physical excruciating pain and horror, but also mental traumatic experiences. The pain and horror of the concentration camps would never go away from the prisoners mind; it was always there as a haunting memory of evil cruelty. Concentration camps displayedRead MoreLife Is Beautiful Essay713 Words   |  3 PagesIn the movie Life Is Beautiful, a Jewish man and his family are put into a concentration camp during the Holocaust. The movie gives an inside look at the horrors the Jews were faced with during the Holocaust. Life Is Beautiful should be incorporated into a unit on the Holocaust in schools because it shows everything the Jews were faced with, it handles expressing the horrors of the Holocaust without being too graphic, and it would help students get a more personal feeling of what happened toRead MoreRoberto Benigni’s Life is Beautiful Essay712 Words   |  3 PagesBeautiful In the movie Life Is Beautiful, a Jewish man and his family are put into a concentration camp during the Holocaust. The movie gives an inside look at the horrors the Jews were faced with during the Holocaust. ?Life Is Beautiful? should be incorporated into a unit on the Holocaust in schools because it shows everything the Jews were faced with, it handles expressing the horrors of the Holocaust without being too graphic, and it would help students get a more personal feeling of whatRead MoreLastig Effects of the Holocaust1058 Words   |  5 PagesThe Holocaust not only affected the areas where it took place, it affected the entire world. Even though Jewish people were the main victims in the Holocaust, it also left lasting effects on other groups of people. Both, the Nazi and Jewish decedents, still feel the aftermath of one of the most horrific counts of genocide that the world has ever encountered. The cries of the victims in concentration camps still ring around the globe today , and they are not easily ignored. Although the HolocaustRead MoreLasting Effects of the Holocaust1195 Words   |  5 PagesThe Holocaust not only affected the areas where it took place, it affected the entire world. Even though Jewish people were the main victims in the Holocaust, it also left lasting effects on other groups of people. Both the Nazi and Jewish decedents still feel the aftermath of one of the most horrific counts of genocide that the world has ever encountered. The cries of the victims in concentration camps still ring around the globe today, and they are not easily ignored. Although the Holocaust tookRead MoreTaking a Look at Holocaust Revisionism1459 Words   |  6 Pagesto the population of Missouri. This event is known as the Holocaust. During this genocide, the Nazi party in Germany tried to eliminate the whole jewish population. In the process of doing so they killed some six million innocent people. The Nazi Party nearly wiped out the entire Jewish popula tion, leaving very few to carry on with religion and personal accounts of living through the Holocaust. For generations the facts about the Holocaust have been taught so that nothing like this terrible eventRead MoreThe Holocaust And Its Importance1382 Words   |  6 Pages Mrs Keeley ENG 111-4201L 08 April 2016 Remembering The Holocaust and its Importance In history, there has been many important events that were brought about to make the world as we know it today. One of the most important events was world war II. This was a war that had many countries battling each other to try and stop the spread of communism. However, for one country it would have an everlasting impact on their history based on the massacre that happened during that time. Adolf Hitler was a viciousRead MoreThe Holocaust : A Major Effect On Judaism1409 Words   |  6 PagesThe holocaust had a major effect on Judaism as a whole. This conflict between tragedy and faith is not new. Jewish history shows us that t he jewish people have undergone the most terrible persecutions and genocide at the hands of many oppressors. Whether it be about the pogroms, crusades, destruction of the Temples, the jewish people have been at the brunt of the most terrible atrocities, and yet this does not shake their faith,Anti-Semitism was nothing new. This became even more evident with theRead MoreNegative Effects Of The Holocaust1507 Words   |  7 PagesThe Holocaust changed not only Jewish lives but also the lives of everyone involved. The holocaust is defined as the thorough destruction involving extensive loss of life especially through fire; however historically its definition refers to the mass slaughter of European civilians and especially Jews by the Nazis during World War II. From the beginning the Nazis who were being faithful to Hitler had specifically targeted the Jews. The Nazis had a relentless hatred for the Jews rested on the view

Stephen William Hawking Stephen Hawking - 1379 Words

Stephen Hawking Stephen William Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 to Isobel and Frank Hawking in Oxford, United Kingdom. As a young boy, Stephen showed a passion for science and the sky. In his early years, Stephen was known as a bright kid outside of school. He was ranked third to last his first year at St. Albans, but that did not bother him because he had his mind set on things aside from school. Early Life Stephen Hawking is a Physics professor at Cambridge University, located in Cambridge, England. His expertise and passion dwells in that of Cosmology, the study of the universe. He was born during World War II, and given the name of Stephen William Hawking on January 8, 1942 in Oxford England. Although it was his†¦show more content†¦His father then realized that Stephen was not feeling well and took him to the doctor to get checked. Hawking s next two weeks were spent in a medical clinic in order to run more tests. A few days passed and the doctors had the results for Stephen, he was at the early stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as ALS. Though the news was devastating to him, he did not let that stop him. Instead it motivated him to keep pursuing because there was much more he could do in life. During this heartache of time, his suffering allowed him to become the scientist he is today. In 1968, Stephen became a member of the Institute of Astron omy in Cambridge shortly after his wife had his first son Robert. Stephen s Family and Love Life Stephen s parents were Frank and Isobel Hawkings. He was the oldest out of three other siblings, which are Mary, Philippa, and Edward who was adopted. Stephen s family moved to St. Albans when his dad became the head of parasitology at the National Institute for Medical Research. His mother was a stay at home mom. She would spend the days with her kids outside and reading books. When Hawkings was released from the hospital he met Jane Wilde who he instantly fell in love with and married two years later. Two years after that he and his wife had their first child Robert, then three years after they had their second child Lucy. NineShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The Ice Bucket Challenge1825 Words   |  8 Pagesand happens to be the other name people refer this disease as. I answered with â€Å"Stephen Hawking†, and people would give me a bewildered look as if asking me â€Å"who the heck is that?† I would stare back in absolute shock and little bit of horror, because honestly, who has not heard of the man that basically theorized black holes and extended Einstein’s idea of general relativity with quantum physics theory. Stephen Hawking, who is a little less than a god, is â€Å"arguably the most famous scientist aliveRead MoreStephen Hawking : A Scientist977 Words   |  4 PagesWhen we think of Stephen Hawking we think of a world renowned physicist, but rarely do we stop to appreciate the road that lead him to change our world. Stephen Hawking has made many publications and discoveries, but he could not have done it alone without the help of his friends, family, and of course his software. On January 8, 1942, the 300th anniversary of Galileo’s death, Frank and Isobel Hawking had their first son, Stephan William Hawking in Oxford, England. Stephen Hawking’s father hopedRead MoreLearning Impairment Of Language Development1559 Words   |  7 Pagesso demonstrate how the evidence from disorders of language development has informed our understanding of how language typically develops. The language disorders that are going to be discussed in this essay are Specific Learning Impairment, (SLI), Williams Syndrome (WS) and Down Syndrome (DS). All of these disorder have impairments in linguistic development, as well as a unique neuropsychological profile of both strengths and weakness within the linguistic system, (Ypsilanti Grouis, 2008).This shouldRead More Stephen Hawking Essay2041 Words   |  9 Pages If you casually mention the name Stephen Hawking in conversation, you are likely to get a number of reactions from people.Some people know him from cameo appearances in movies or TV shows like The Big Bang Theory. Others have leafed through his popular book, A Brief History of Time. People recognize him as an outspoken representative for the disabled, and a leader of the scientific community.But how many people know him for his research? Professor Hawking has certainly lived an impressive lifeRead MoreEssay on Stephen Hawking Biography1328 Words   |  6 Pagesplanet. His name is Stephen Hawking. He has written many books, attended two universities, and is a renowned scientist. From conception to the present, Stephen Hawking has lived a very interesting life. Stephen William Hawking was born to Frank and Isobel Hawking on January the 8th, 1942 in Oxford, England. Incredibly enough, Hawking was born exactly 300 years after the death of the famed astronomer and early physicist, Galileo Galilei, who died in 1642. As a child, Stephen lived a normal lifeRead MoreStephen Hawking s Death Of The Greatest Scientist864 Words   |  4 Pagesof your body was completely paralyzed. You can’t talk, and you can hardly move. This disease is called amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Lou Gehrig’s disease, or ALS and this is what Stephen Hawking has. Despite the fact that he is handicapped, he has managed to become one of the greatest scientists ever. Stephen Hawking was born on January 8, 1942 (exactly 300 years after the death of Galileo Galilei) in Oxford, England. As a kid, he was fascinated with the idea of an ever-growing universe that heRead MoreSteven Hawking Essay1825 Words   |  8 PagesSteven Hawking A Documentation of Steven Hawking And his Lifes Great Work A Brief History of Time In order to truly understand Steven Hawking and all his crazy theories and pure genius that makes anyone who tries or has tried to figure out what he is talking about, feel like someone who hasnt passed 1st grade. First a brief biography on his life and then I will, with the help of Mr. Hawking himself (actually his online website), try to explain some of his mind-boggling theories inRead MoreA Brief Biography of Stephen Hawking613 Words   |  2 PagesOxford, England. Stephen Hawking was born. Some even go as far to refer to this momentous event as the rebirth of one eminent brain, to another one of equal, even a possibly more perspicacious one. Regardless of one’s perspective on this situation, one conclusion is undeniably accurate; professor, physicist, and cosmologist Stephen William Hawking altered the way we perceive the universe forever. Born to Oxford University graduates Frank and Isobel Hawking in January of 1942, Stephen grew up in a homeRead MoreEssay on History and Philosophy of Science1695 Words   |  7 Pagesmany new ideas are present and these new ideas are not interchangeable. Some parts do work together although as a whole they don’t fully coincide with each other. The three basic ideas that science is now based upon come from Newton, Einstein, and Hawking. I call these ideas/theories â€Å"new† based on what I classify the state of the scientific community of today. After looking at what is going on in science, it is clear to me that the scientific world is in a crisis state. According to Kuhn, a crisisRead More Edwin Hubble Essay1469 Words   |  6 Pagesof their lives wondering what is â€Å"above the world so high† (Gardner 98). These people study and map the little twinkling stars in order to get a better meaning of them; they are astronomers. Great astronomers like Edwin Hub ble, Immanuel Kant, and William Huggins, never stopped valuing the beauty of the stars. While they developed great astronomical principals. One astronomer who fits this mold most is, Edwin Powell Hubble. Wondering about what was out in the universe led to the construction of the

Personal Statement My Personal Goals - 862 Words

It is important that I provide background, as it lays the foundation of why my personal goals are what they are, and what I hope to achieve as I work toward them. Having been shaped by both challenges and victories, I believe that I have emerged as a more sensitive, caring, and worldly educator, open to new challenges and change that occur in our ever-changing world. As a late bloomer, I am currently pursuing a master’s degree in curriculum and instruction as well as an ELL endorsement that is on track for completion by Spring 2017. Having worked first as a licensed forensic toxicologist for over a decade, I entered the teaching profession a bit later in life; teach chemistry, chemistry honors, and AP chemistry. Although my father was a science professor at our local Junior college, and had been for over 35 years, I initially had no interest in following his path because I was scared to death to talk in front of people. As a child of the 60’s and 70’s, and with a father who was an officer in the Air Force, my family moved around a lot, so I attended military schools located on the base, for military families. Military schools, in this era, was designed so that children of military parents would have some sort of consistency, if not in their housing, than at least in their education. I am not even sure if this type of schooling is still offered today. Living is the mid-west left me with a pretty heavy accent, referred to as a mid-western drawl, not noticeable to fellowShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : My Personal Goals1111 Words   |  5 PagesAs I stated in my personal goals, I am focusing in developing my interpersonal skills toward my professional and personal environment. Even though this is not my first psychology class, it is always encouraging to re-learn and discover new findings in psychology. During and after the course, I found myself practicing many of the communication skills throughout my daily life such as paraphrasing, avoid stereotyping and especially analyzing my own and other’s emotions. The collaboration of the courseRead MoreMy Personal Statement : My Goals1488 Words   |  6 PagesMy personal mission is to constantly strive to be the best overall person that I can be within my personal and professional life. My goals are to inspire and help others and myself around me to achieve greatness and bala nce that will to maximize our potential that will transcend the boundaries of our dreams. In addition to my mission statement, my core life values are the foundation of my mission statement, which allows me to uphold my promises and standards. These promises and standards will affordRead MoreMy Personal Statement : My Goals864 Words   |  4 PagesMy personal mission is to constantly strive to be the best overall person that I can be within my personal and professional life. My goals are to inspire and help others and myself around me to achieve greatness and balance that will to maximize our potential that will transcend the boundaries of our dreams. In addition to my mission statement, my core life values are the foundation of my mission statement, which allows me to uphold my promises and standards. These promises and standards will affordRead MorePersonal Statement : My Goals993 Words   |  4 PagesFinal Reflective Essay My goals that I set for myself was to develop all the skills that I may need to be part in the education and life of children and be able to support them with high quality, knowledge and responsibility to assist them in learning and their development Domains. I am so glad to have the opportunity to do my practicum because is when my career started to flourish. Furthermore, I have been preparing all these past years, which have been hard work so now, is the time to put in practiceRead MorePersonal Statement : My Goals955 Words   |  4 Pagescan provide the enough money to pay my bills, support my family and create a good environment for my family. I want to work hard to have a good salary per year. It means I will have to make the enough money where I will not struggle with bills and finances. My goal is to coach professional baseball after I am done playing. I will make around $15,000 per month if everything works out well. I like to think big because I am an ambitious person. I do not want my family to struggle or to need money;Read MorePersonal Statement : My Nursing Goals1174 Words   |  5 PagesMy Nursing Goals Introduction In the near future, I will graduate with my Bachelors of Science in Nursing degree from East Carolina University. Guiding my ultimate nursing goals is my love for children. As a mother already, I have learned and immensely enjoyed my journey with my six-year-old child thus far. However, I would love to expand my knowledge on the unique needs of the pediatric patient population. The pediatric patient population is very diverse, due to the various stages of life withinRead MorePersonal Statement : My Career Goals938 Words   |  4 PagesMy academic goal is to obtain my Associate Degree in Computer Technology. For the past year, I have been able to focus more on my education. At this point, I have roughly 3 to 4 semesters remaining before reaching my academic goal. With my determination, hard work and the support of my husband, children and close friends, I have been given the encouragement to push forward. These people are like my own personal cheer squad, giving me the streng th and courage to keep, going when times have gottenRead MorePersonal Statement : My Career Goals984 Words   |  4 PagesMy academic objective is to obtain my Associate Degree in Computer Technology. For the past year and a half, I have been able to focus more on my education. At this point, I have roughly three semesters remaining before reaching my academic goal. With my determination, hard work, and the support of my husband, children and close friends, I have been given the encouragement to push forward. This group of people is like my own personal cheer squad, giving me the strength and courage to keep goingRead MorePersonal Statement : My Career Goals Essay994 Words   |  4 PagesWhen I think of my career goals, I ask myself what I want to accomplish in life. I know that I love helping patients and families, and I want to continue to do that. I always am changing my mind on what I want to do after my BSN. I don’t know when or if I will get my masters or continue to work at the bedside for a while. I love what I do and what I do for other people and families. Working in the critical care unit feels like home. I get to do what I love. I attended a webinar sponsored by the AmericanRead MoreMy Personal Statement On My Career Goals947 Words   |  4 Pagesme many things about myself. I have been able to analyze my personality, my tenacity, and my ability to be patient and how I am able to handle conflict not only in my classroom but also in my life. The virtues that I possess can influence my teaching style and how my students perceive my class and are able to function and achieve. It is important for my students to be successful and this is something that I must work hard to instill in my students. Success to me cannot be determined by one certain

Team Sports Economis Assignment Free Essays

Name: James Sumner Student ID: 33255189 Question: Critically evaluate the approaches and policies to achieve competitive balance in North American Sports and European sports through an examination of competitive balance philosophy and policy in North American and European professional sports organisations. Illustrate your analysis with examples from both the European and North American professional sports leagues. Tutor: John Embery Statement of Authenticity: I confirm that this submission is all my own work. We will write a custom essay sample on Team Sports Economis Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Any quotations are properly referenced using the Harvard referencing method. All errors and omission are my responsibility alone. Word Count: 1744 There is a lot of distinction today between the North American and the European model for sport in order to achieve what each seems to perceive as the right competitive balance. This can be defined as ‘the actual performance of a league to the performance that would have occurred if the league had the maximum degree of competitive balance in the sense that all teams were equal in playing strengths. The less the deviation of actual league performance from that ideal league, the greater is the degree of competitive balance’ (1). This essay will outline what policies and approaches both the American and European sports models have in order to achieve competitive balance by looking at each continents system of competition, the extensive system of team and player restraints in America such as salary caps compared to the relaxed system Europe has and also amateur and professional sports in both models. It is important to note that not all sports adhere to their so called ‘model’. Sports in America such as football, baseball, hockey and basketball are very diversified in terms of rules, scheduling, commercialization etc. The European model is largely based on one sport, football/soccer which we know is not what other sports follow. In North America there is a closed system of competition meaning no promotion or relegation from a league. This means that the same teams compete in the same league every year. From this we can conclude that the North American model supports equality and fairness not competitiveness, which could then be perceived as good for achieving competitive balance in the sense that teams do not have to worry about being relegated to a lower division. This would also mean that teams get to know their counterparts very well which would also add to the competitive balance aspect of sport. However no promotion or relegation may also be deemed as uncompetitive and unbalanced because teams know each year they will still be competing in the same league the season after. This could lead to clubs getting complacent and happy to be in mid-table of their respective leagues as the amount of money all teams earn is astronomical. In NFL the Dallas Cowboys were valued in 2012 at $2. billion (2. ) yet didn’t even finish in the top 6 of their respected league (3). In Europe teams can fluctuate up and down divisions therefore making our sports more based on competitiveness and the will to win which could also be interpreted as competitively balanced or unbalanced. It could achieve higher competitive balance because it allows better teams to move up and play against other better teams but it could also be unbalanced because teams moving up m ay not have the same resources as other teams in that league. For example Barnsley does not have the same amount of resources Manchester United has if they were promoted. An extensive system of team and player restraints in America certainly improves the goal of competitive balance. There is a salary cap on not just players but also clubs as well. Since most leagues compute their caps on the basis of revenues for the preceding season, the cap is actually a fixed sum. In North America the NBA, NFL, NHL and Canadian football league have all installed salary caps (4). For example in 2006 the NFL had a salary cap of approximately $102 million. If a team breaches the league’s salary cap for the season then the fines and penalties incurred are then shared between the rest of the teams in that league (5). These salary caps were put into place to achieve two main objectives: increasing competitive balance and for clubs to be financially stable. To say this has been a success is an understatement as many clubs not just in the NFL but also the NHL and NBA are now worth more than half a billion dollars. Competitive balance is also extremely high as 13 different clubs have won the NFL in the last 21 years compared to that of only 5 in the English Premier League (6). Salary caps have prevented large clubs becoming too dominant in America which is exactly what has occurred in Europe, in Spain there is only Barcelona or Real Madrid, in England there is Manchester United, Manchester City and Chelsea competing for the titles. This is partly due to player’s demands for wage rises and bonuses. Most clubs simply cannot offer a player ? 80,000 per week. To give an example in terms the amount big clubs spend on wages to compared to smaller ones in 2009 Manchester United spent ? 123. 1 million while West Bromwich Albion spent ? 30. 0 million (7). This is the main reason why competitive balance in the EFL has drifted further apart in recent years. The media, other big organisations from different industries and even governments have heavily criticised the way European football clubs are run because of this and also because clubs can then not afford to pay off their debts. There is one sport that is an exception in Europe and that is rugby union. They have imposed salary caps on players since 1999 and it has been largely successful for them as well. No clubs have fallen into financial meltdown since the measure was introduced and players have been happy to comply with the cap (8). As previously outlined there are also lots of player restraints that come with playing sport in America. For example clubs have the power not the players. The players are owned by the league not the clubs and must go as a group/union to the league if an issue arises. The ‘draft’ is a system where players are chosen from the colleges/universities by the clubs. The picking order for this is determined by the clubs previous season’s finish in the league with the clubs occupying the lower league positions getting the first pick. This hugely increases competitive balance as obviously they will pick the best players which in theory would bring the teams closer together in terms of quality for the next season. Therefore before the start of each season each team has just as good a chance of winning the league as the others. With the NFL having 13 different champions in 21 years it shows that that the system works and is a lot more competitive than football in Europe. 9) The policy or approach that ties these team and player restraints together in North America is called ‘the collective bargaining system’. These are largely labour agreements between the league, clubs and players where issues such as minimum and maximum salary caps are agreed. This system has been described as the ‘very essential difference compared with E urope, where the sports industry concept and player unions have been relatively weaker and not equipped with the necessary bargaining powers’ (10). According to Fort there are also 3 other major differences between the American and European models that affect competitive balance. The fans, sports organisations and team objectives are all different. There is evidence to support this assumption as studies have shown that both sets of fans want different things. America does have better policies to keep the competitive balance fair but in terms of the rules of the games the balance is a lot closer in Europe. For example in Europe we have draws in football making the balance higher, Americans have overtime in the NFL until one of the teams score. Also in Europe we have lower scoring games such as 1-0 or 1-1, in America this is considered boring and teams regularly score over 30 points in a game. Therefore some aspects of European sports do have a higher competitive balance than some American sports. There are also major differences between amateur and professional sports. In America there is a sharp distinction between the two levels each with its own integrated structures. Athletes that compete in Amateur sports in America are unpaid whereas quite a lot of amateur players in Europe are. These athletes are also governed by more than one organisation. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Amateur Sports Alliance of North America (ASANA) are just two of these. This is a more horizontal system rather than the vertically integrated system Europe has which means that professionals and amateurs do not compete against each other. This could be seen as a good approach to achieve competitive balance as there are amateur and professional levels for a reason, mainly because the level of skill required in professional sports is a lot higher. Therefore by keeping them separate each athlete knows where they stand. You are either a professional and get paid or you’re an amateur, not a mixture of both like we have in Europe. The pyramid structure of European sports organisations such as UEFA and the FA for example brings together amateur and professional sports into a vertical system governed for the common good by integrated associations and federations. In this vertical system there is not such a sharp distinction between amateur and professional sports. For example Bath City, an amateur team, beat Grimsby Town, a professional team in the 2009 FA Cup first round (12). Therefore the two different levels of sport in Europe can compete against each other. This approach to achieving competitive balance could be seen as both positive and negative in terms of achieving competitive balance. The positive side is the fact that with our promotion and relegation system amateur teams can develop into professional ones. AFC Wimbledon set up after Wimbledon FC was liquidated by the supporters and had amateurs playing. They had five promotions in nine years propelling them into the football league making them a professional club (13). The negative side to having little distinction between the two levels is that big professional teams can play small amateur teams which would not be good in terms of achieving competitive balance as the gap in skill level would be too much for the smaller teams. It has been shown therefore that the North American and European sports models are very different in their policies and approaches to achieving competitive balance. Salary caps for players and limiting the amount sports teams can spend in America has proved positive for achieving competitive balance. Thirteen different champions in 21years proves it has been a success. The closed system and promotion and relegation system both have aspects that bring competitive balance closer but also aspects which take it further away. References/Bibliography 1) Noll 1991 2) Mike Ozanian. (2012). Dallas Cowboys Lead NFL With $2. 1 Billion Valuation. Available: http://www. forbes. com/sites/mikeozanian/2012/09/05/dallas-cowboys-lead-nfl-with-2-1-billion-valuation/. 3) How to cite Team Sports Economis Assignment, Essay examples